Breaking the Trip: What Are Hallucinogens?

Hallucinogens are a large category of drugs that have hallucinogenic properties. These psychoactive substances can alter a person’s perception, mood, and cognitive processes. Some hallucinogens can be synthetic or manmade, where they are made chemically in a lab. While other hallucinogens are more naturally occurring, derived from plants or fungi.

Hallucinogens are often used recreationally and are touted for their ability to produce vivid visual or auditory distortions and profound alterations in thought. While generally not considered physically addictive in the same way opioids or alcohol are, hallucinogens can lead to psychological dependence, risky behaviors, and potential long-term harm.

Some examples of hallucinogens include psilocybin, LSD, and ketamine.

Hallucinogens Addiction and Abuse

Research on psychedelic drugs indicates that certain hallucinogens are not typically associated with addiction. While it’s possible for these substances to become habit-forming, many users experience unpleasant side effects, which often discourage repeated use.

Hallucinogen abuse and addiction can occur when these psychoactive substances are used excessively, recreationally, or outside prescribed medical guidelines. People may seek the euphoric, transcendent experiences these drugs provide, but repeated use can lead to harmful consequences.

For those wondering, “are hallucinogenic mushrooms safe?” it’s essential to note that safety largely depends on factors such as amount used, setting, individual health, and mental state. Hallucinogen misuse often involves taking higher doses to achieve more intense effects, combining hallucinogens with other substances, or using them as an escape from personal challenges.

Side Effects and Risks of Hallucinogens

The effects of hallucinogens can vary widely depending on the drug, dosage, and individual. Short-term effects often include:

• Sensory distortions
• Impaired judgment
• Increased heart rate
• Nausea
• Heightened emotions

Users may experience euphoria, but they also risk paranoia, panic, or “bad trips,” which are episodes of intense fear and anxiety.

Long term use carries additional risks. Chronic users may develop persistent psychosis or hallucinogen persisting perception disorder, or HPPD, where they experience recurring flashbacks or visual disturbances long after the drug has worn off.

Ketamine, often abused recreationally and as a “club drug,” can lead to urinary tract issues, memory loss, and cognitive impairment when used repeatedly.

Some research shows that hallucinogen use is frequently accompanied by mental health problems and other substance use disorders, particularly opiate use disorders. These may include anxiety and mood disorders, personality disorders, and eating disorders.

For those predisposed to mental health disorders, hallucinogens can exacerbate symptoms of depression, anxiety, or schizophrenia.

Types of Hallucinogens

Hallucinogens can be divided into several categories:

• Psilocybin aka Magic Mushrooms: This is a mushroom in nature that causes hallucinations, but it also can cause nausea, drowsiness, flashbacks, memory issues, and poisoning.
• Lysergic Acid Diethylamide aka LSD: LSD produces long lasting and often unpredictable alterations of perceptions.
• Ketamine: Initially used as an anesthetic, ketamine is known for its dissociative effects and recreational misuse.
• Peyote aka Mescaline: Peyote comes from a cactus and produces intense hallucinations and altered time perceptions. It has been used traditionally in spiritual ceremonies.

What Do Hallucinogens Do?

Hallucinogens disrupt the normal communication between parts of the brain and primarily affect the brain’s serotonin system, altering mood, sensory perception, and thought processes. For those wondering “how long do magic mushrooms last?” the effects typically begin within 30 minutes of ingestion and can last between 4 to 6 hours, though the duration may vary depending on the dose and individual factors.

Physiologically, hallucinogens can increase heart rate and blood pressure, cause pupil dilation, and lead to gastrointestinal discomfort.

Psychologically, their effects can range from euphoria and spiritual insight to paranoia and dissociation. Chronic use may impair memory and cognitive function, and the psychological effects can linger, potentially leading to long-term mental health challenges.

Where Can I Find Information About Hallucinogen Abuse Treatment?

If you or someone you know is struggling with hallucinogen abuse, several resources are available to provide guidance and support:

• SAMHSA’s National Helpline at 1.800.662.HELP: A free, confidential resource offering 24/7 assistance for substance abuse and mental health concerns.
• Rehab.com: A directory of treatment centers for addiction and substance abuse.
• Narcotics Anonymous: A support group offering community-based meetings for individuals recovering from substance use.
• Doctors or Mental Health Professionals: Professionals who can assess your situation and recommend appropriate treatments.
• Local Support Groups: Peer led meetings and recovery resources tailored to specific substances.

What Are the Treatment Options for Addiction to Hallucinogens or Ketamine?

Effective treatment for hallucinogen abuse often involves a combination of medical, therapeutic, and community support approaches. Physical withdrawal is not often associated with hallucinogenic drugs, so detox may not be needed.

However, if you are experiencing addiction to hallucinogenics, like ketamine, residential or inpatient treatment may be an option for structured programs with round the clock support support.

Other support options include outpatient treatment which could include medications for co-occurring mental health conditions, individual therapy including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, group therapy, and sober support meetings. Recovery from hallucinogen addiction is possible with the right resources and support.